Sunday, April 25, 2010

4U and Me - Debt & Misc Ratios !!

Debt Ratios

What it tells?
Debt ratios can be used to determine the overall level of financial risk a company has. In general, the greater the amount of debt held by a company the greater the financial risk of bankruptcy.

  • Debt Ratio
  • Debt-Equity Ratio
  • Interest Coverage Ratio

Debt Ratio

The debt ratio compares a company's total debt to its total assets, which is used to gain a general idea as to the amount of leverage being used by a company.A low percentage means that the company is less dependent on leverage, i.e., money borrowed from and/or owed to others.
It is calculated as

Debit Ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Assets

Debt-Equity Ratio

The debt-equity ratio is another leverage ratio that compares a company's total liabilities to its total shareholders' equity.It is a measurement of how much suppliers, lenders, creditors and obligors have committed to the company versus what the shareholders have committed.
It is calculated as

Debit-Equity Ratio = Total Liabilities / Share holders Equity

Interest Coverage Ratio

The interest coverage ratio is used to determine how easily a company can pay interest expenses on outstanding debt.The lower the ratio, the more the company is burdened by debt expense.When a company's interest coverage ratio is only 1.5 or lower, its ability to meet interest expenses may be questionable.
It is calculated as

ICR = EBIT/ Interest Expense

Performance Ratios

What it tells?
The performance ratios do give users an insight into the company's performance and management during the period being measured.

  • Sales/Revenue Per Employee
Sales/Revenue per employee

This indicator simply measures the amount of sales, or revenue, generated per employee.
It is calculated as

Sales per employee = Revenue / Number of employees

Other Ratios

Book Value (BV)
It is calculated as
BV = (Share Capital + Reserves& Surplus) – MISC Expenses / Number of shares

Earnings per Share (EPS)
It is calculated as EPS = PAT / Number of shares

P/E Ratio (Price/ Earnings ratio)
It is calculated as P/E = Market Price / Earnings per Share

Dividend Yield
It is calculated as Dividend Yield =Annual Dividend per share / Stock Price per Share

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